Kumari Kandam - Part 5 (Pre Indus Valley Civilization)

 Lost History of Ancient Tamils / Tamizhs - Pre Indus Valley Civilization by Pandya Kings

        In continuation from the previous part of Kumari Kandam
https://divinediyaas.blogspot.com/2020/11/kumari-kandam-part-4-expansion-towards.html

             Early Pandya kings of Kumari Kandam expanded their kingdom towards Western side of India through Gujarat, Rajasthan and reached Indus Valley / Sindhu River, they have also travelled via Arabian sea and reached Iran, Turkey. There are many places in Gujarat and Rajasthan named in tamil. Pandya kings have also ruled the western side of Akand Bharat (Present Pakistan, Afghanistan, Uzbekistan) during 9000 BCE. 

        Before the destruction of First Tamizh Sangam at Kumari Kandam, Pandyas established their kingdom near Sindhu River and Western Coastal areas for trading. When the Kumari Kandam land was submerged, People were migrated and settled in different directions, some of them reached South of Tamizhakam (Kerala and Tamil Nadu), some have travelled East (Odisha, Bangladesh, Indonesia) and some have travelled towards West and reached Rajasthan, Sindhu port and Gulf countries. Tamizhians have spread from Lothal to Sindhu River.

        Currently, Indus Valley Civilization was dated as 2500 BCE, But pre - historic Indus valley civilization belongs to proto-dravidians (i.e) Tamizh people of Pandya kings during 9000 BCE.

        Indus Valley Civilization is considered as one of the most ancient civilization in the World. But, Kumari Kandam was the FIRST and Most ancient Civilization in the World. People who settled near Sindhu / Indus river were originally from Kumari Kandam. Pandyas were the FIRST SEA EXPLORERS and they had Strong naval team for defense, exploration and trading. They were the King of trades across the ocean and held most strong, busiest and important ports in the World. In the Western belt of India, Pandyas had 4 major trading ports. 

        There are many places in Pakistan and Afghanistan named in Tamizh, especially places near Indus River. Tamizh people were believed to be the first one lived in Indus Valley, Mohenja Daro, Harappa, Lothal, Rakhigarhi, Dholavira, Chanhu Daro, Bhagatrav and Mehrgarh, the ancient site at Pakistan. There are some places near Luni River in Rajasthan which were named after Tamizh kings and places.

        Indus Valley Civilization is also known as 'Harappan civilization'. In this modern world, it is one of the  most fascinating and mysterious civilization in ancient history. As mentioned by Scholars and Researchers, People in Harappa Civilization were literate , civilized, used advanced technologies. They spoke  proto-dravidian language called 'Tamizhi' - Ancient Tamizh language.

Gods

    Harappan people worshipped Mother Goddess and Lord Shiva predominantly They worshipped a father god, Lord Shiva, as Pasupati. The supreme deity was called as 'Appa', in Tamizh Appa means father. He was also considered as progenerator of race. Harappan people were much civilized and well versed in Science, Technology, Music, Dance, Fine arts, Language and practiced Yoga. 

    

Harappa - In tamil, 'Hara' means Lord Shiva , appa means - father. Land of Father Lord Shiva. 

Pasupathi Seal at Indus Vally

        In the above seal of Pasupati, Lord shiva was seated cross legged and wide armed in a Yogic pose called 'Padmasana'. Yoga was founded by Siddhars of Tamizhakam, they have learnt the art of Yoga from Lord Shiva. Siddhars are the ones who attained spiritual consciousness and have magical powers.  In Tamil, 'Chitham' means 'Attaining the level of utmost consciousness', also 'Siddhi' means 'Powers', that is why there is term called 'Ashta Siddhi' (8 great magical powers attained through spirituality). Siddhars have founded Sidha Vaidhya (Traditional and oldest medicinal system), Varma Kalai (Traditional self defence), Nadi parthal (Pulse reading to identify diseases) and much more. 

    Another seal from Indus Valley, which was deciphered by scholars in Tamizh as following

    In Tamil, Lakshmi will be written as lachhmi, while reading it will be pronounced differently according to type of letters written in it (Lakshmi). This is still in practice among Tamizh people, there are no different type of letters for 'Ka','cha', 'Sa','Ta','Dha' etc. There are  2 different things to be noted  here, first - this Indus clay table is written in ancient tamizhi and second - Tamizh is the first evolved language as it didn’t have different letters for different pronunciation for the same root word.

Here are some of the seals from the Sindhu Civilization

      In addition to the above mentioned details, let us go deeper to understand that Pre Indus Valley civilization was ruled by Tamizh Kings, Started from Pandyas to Cholas - Tamizh Civilization at Sindhu.

Seals and Pottery

        Thousands of clay tablets and seals indicate that people of Harappan civilization has developed a writing system which was older than Sumerian. Around 2000 stone seals have been found, Unicorn was most commonly found in those seals. There are some similarities between the seals of Harappan civilization with Mesopotamia. Enormous Images of humped bull and fish in seals, pottery and carvings are proving the fact that they belong to Pandya dynasty of kings. 

The coins of early pandya kings founded in Tamil Nadu for the reference

Coins of Early Pandya Kings from Tamil Nadu

        Indus valley people had well developed writing system in place, which are getting reflected in the seals. These were not decoded yet.

      

In Silapathikaram (Earliest Tamil epic), there are some lines mentioning about type of boats used in ports. AMBI Boats has been presented as different animal faced boats. 

பரிமுக அம்பியும் கரிமுக அம்பியும்

அரிமுக அம்பியும் அருந்துறை யியக்கும்

Meaning - In the ports where Horse faced,
Elephant faced and Lion faced Ambis are operated were admired.

Ambi - is a small boat used for fishing and crossing rivers. Connecting this with Pre- Indus Valley Civilization, check out the artifact mentioned below which was excavated from Indus Valley site.

    Bull faced Boat (AAMUKA AMBI) made of clay. As mentioned in Silapathikaram, there are animal faced boats used in the ports. Here, Bull shaped boat is proving that Pre Indus Valley Civilization was ruled not only by Tamizhians, it was ruled by Tamizh Pandya Kings.

By Culture  

        There are some seals unearthed from Banawali, an Indus Valley site. They are - Bull leaping form of non violent bull fighting seals and images were identified. 

    In Thamizh, it is called as Jallikattu / Eru Thazhuvudhal -  'Embracing the bull'. Jallikattu is a traditional and oldest sport of Tamizh people followed for many millennium years in all the places where the Tamizh people settled. It's not harming / killing the animal. For more information about Jallikattu, reach out to

https://divinediyaas.blogspot.com/2018/01/jallikattu-importance-of-native-indian.html

        This is proving that Pre Indus Valley Civilization was occupied by Thamizh people ruled by Pandya Kings. The similar seals and images were also identified in Bactria, Syria, Levant, Hittie Antolia. Bull Worship and Bull leaping scenes were found in Minoan Civilization as well. Minoan Civilization is considered as First Advanced Civilization in Europe.

Tharia cave paintings - Prehistoric paintings belonging to paleolithic period situated at mountain Pabu of  Balochistan, Pakistan. There are paintings of dancing men in a row, humped bull and deer like animals.

        In 2006, there was a hand-axe discovered with Indus like scripts on it. It was discovered in a village called as Sembiyan Kandiyur in Tamil Nadu and is dated to about 2000–1500 BCE. There is place in Pakistan in Similar name, 'Kandiaro', which is near the site of Indus Valley Civilization.

Ancient Sites at Indus Valley:

       Mehrgarh is one of the ancient site in Pakistan, it was also called as 'Pantinadu' (Pandi Nadu) during ancient times. This site is situated near place called Sibi.  'Sangan' village falls under Sibi district of Pakistan, Shewan in Pakistan is earlier known as 'Sibistan', named after King Sibi / Sembiyan, a Chola King. Pandi Nadu is renamed as Sibi - means a Pandya's Kingdom was captured by Chola King. 

        Mehrgarh which is near to Sibi was also under the control of King Sibi. Historical evidences suggests that Mehrgarh were civilized 3000 years before Indus valley civilization, which is dated as 7000 BCE. Mehrgarh was one of the advanced civilization than Turkey and Egypt.  Mehrgarh lies on the Kacchi plains of Balochistan, Pakistan, where the ethnic Brahui people lives. 

     Mehrgarh is supposedly the most sophisticated, well developed, ingenuous and best planned ancient place of ancient India. Mehrgarh was far advanced than history of Egypt and Turkey during 9000 BCE. Sangam literature (10000 BC) throws light on its influence on history.

        There are mud brick houses and also granaries have been found. This is also closely related to Tamil culture according to ancient sangam literature (10000 BC).They also had cattle comprising of goats and sheep. They also had the techniques for fishing. Tamils were also good at these things according to Ancient Sangam Literature (10000 BC).

Mehrgarh 

        This is the First recorded civilization in the history who cultivated cotton for the production of clothes. It leaves archaeologists stunned that Mehrgarh natives also knew Fabric Weaving. Tamils were the one of the earliest exponents of use of cotton and Fabric Weaving according to Ancient Sangam Literature (10000 BC).

By Language

        Brahui - a proto Dravidian language spoken by Brahui people living in Balochistan. The earliest people living in Baloch were the Brahui people, a Dravidian speaking people. They are closely related to Tamil people of south India. This proves that Tamizh people are the ancestors to Brahui people of Balochistan and Tamizh people did migrated from south to north western parts of Bharat.

The term Brahui is similar to Pahrui from Kumari kandam. 

In Brahui language - Uru and Arisi means village and rice respectively, which are the same names used in Tamizh.

You     –     Ne (Brahui), Ne (Tamil)

Come  –     Baa (Brahui), Vaa (Tamil)

Snore  –     Khurkao (Brahui), Khuratai (Tamil)

Eye     –     Xan (Brahui), Kan (Tamil)

Stone  –     Xal (Brahui), Kal (Tamil)

Milk   –      Pal (Brahui), Pal (Tamil)

News  –     Haval (Brahui), Thahaval (Tamil)

The name Karachi, is also derived from the Tamizh Word 'Karai', which means shore / land. It is still in use in Tamil Nadu, example 'Neelankarai'- meaning Blue shore, Amaindhakarai (Aminjikarai) at Chennai, Tamil Nadu.

Places in Pakistan

    There are many places in Pakistan in Afghanistan in the name 'Kot'. In Tamil, 'Kottai' word is used to represent forts, it's still in use in Tamil Nadu. There are many places in Pakistan as Kot Diji Fort, which is at the edge of Thar desert and it's also a pre Harappan civilization site.  Kandhkot near Indus River, Rani kot etc. Quetta and Kot Diji are an ancient sites of Indus Valley civilisation.  'Quetta' meaning from Pashto word 'Kota' meaning fortress. 

        Nindowari is a prehistoric site of Kulli culture of Balochistan which links to Harappan Civilization. Nal ware and terracotta seals and figurines were found at Nindowari. It was situated at the bank of Kud river. Kud river is a tributary of Porali River - Porali is similiar to Parali river of Kumari Kandam.

    This terracotta Zebu bull shaped drinking vessel was taken from Nindowari site, this site is the important settlement of Kulli culture people. Why everything has to be represented in Bull ? Seals, Pottery, Terracotta ware, Paintings and much more where Bull image was dominated,Why ??? Because, that's the emblem of Pandya Kings and that's the proof for their settlement over the places they ruled.

         In Tamil Nadu, Kaveri river delta's agriculture region is called as Thanjavur / Thanjai. It is also called as Rice Bowl of Tamil Nadu. There are similar places in Pakistan as well. 

Tajori  - Delta region, similar to Thanjavur of Tamil Nadu. 

Kotkai - Korkai is transformed as Kotkai. Korkai is the ancient port of Pandya kings.

Mullazai - Mullai, this refers to the type of land name mentioned in sangam literature.

Kokarai - in Tamil, karai means shore / land. Ko - has many meanings such as King, God, joining, tall / height. Here, it means landscape on a tall place.

Parrai - in Tamil, parrai means drum. Those who beat drums and announce were called as Paraiyar, a caste / group in Tamil Nadu. 

It is also names after the parrai fish, which are abundantly available in this area.

Mt Kharchanai - in Tamil, Kharchanai means roaring. Kharchanai is a proper tamizh word.

   Ghalanai -  Derived from Kallanai, an ancient stone dam which was built by king Karikalan, a chola king 2000 years before. This dam is still in use in Trichy, Tamil Nadu. For more information about Kallanai dam, reach our to

https://divinediyaas.blogspot.com/2019/10/grand-anicut-kallanai-oldest-barrage-in.html

Scholars found the Tamizh places in Pakistan and Afghanistan as mentioned in the picture below

Edited: March 18 2021: The recent discovery of similar Indus Valley seals in Uthirakosamangai of Tamil nadu, confirms it's connection with tamizhakam and Pandya Kings.

https://divinediyaas.blogspot.com/2021/03/early-pandya-kings-of-indus-valley-civilization-uthirakosamangai.html    

    Thus, Pre historic Sindhu civilization was ruled by Early Pandya Kings and they have expanded their Kingdom from there. Another set of Pandya Kings expanded their kingdom in the Eastern side till Australia. Sumerian, Arabic, Mayan, Meso, Persian, Turkish etc are strongly believed from Tamil. Sumerians are believed to have similarity in the language script and certain culture, enabling Tamil to be dated to 40,000 BC.

    Tamizh are believed to be first one lived in Indus-Valley, Mohenjo Daro, Harappa and Mehrgarh. Tamil is the first ever language with written & spoken format and its first Language born on Asian continent. Tamizh is the mother of all Dravidian Languages. Its the Second Largest Language Spoken in the world older than 40,000 years.

        Tamizh people from Kumari Kandam have expanded their region from Sindhu river and settled in Turkey and Iran as well during the same time of Pre - Indus Valley Civilization. Details regarding this will be covered in the next part.

to be continued..

- Aarthi Thiyagarajan

Jallikattu - Importance of Native Indian Bulls

Jallikattu - Importance of Native Indian Bulls

      

      Jallikattu - meaning - Embracing the bull in Tamil. This post, will explain about Jallikattu, why it is being played in Southern India, it's historical significance and it's importance.

           Indian Humped bulls are also called as 'Indian Aurochs', which is a sub species of extinct aurochs cattle breed. About 2 million years before, aurochs were originated in India and started to spread towards west during Holocene epoch. The scientific name of Zebu cattle breed is 'Bos Indicus', which are descended from Indian Aurochs. Zebu have humps on shoulders, large dewlaps and droopy ears. Today, we can see more of our native humped bulls in other countries than India. 

        In history,  these Indian native bulls are traced back to Indus valley civilization. These humped bulls were roamed during Indus valley civilization and it is part of our history, we could see the motifs of the humped bulls in the Indus seals which are excavated from the archaeological sites of Harappa and Mohenjo Daro. Thousands and thousands of zebu cattle breeds were exported to Brazil, United states of America and many other countries. But, we still didn't realise the importance and significance of our native humped bulls.

            Kangayam, pullikulam, Brahman, Nellore, Ongole, Sahiwal, Red sindhi, Butana, Kenana, Tharpakar, Guzerat, Boran, Umbalacheri are the major Zebu bulls of the world. The large humps and dewlaps are the special features of native breeds. It has many importance which have gone unnoticed, i have explained the same in this post under Jallikattu section below.

Worshiping Bulls:

              In Hinduism, the humped bull is considered as vahana (mount) for lord Shiva, it's also called as 'Nandi', the gate guardian deity of Kailash. In all shiva temples, we could see nandi statue before entering into the main deity Shiva. In our culture, it is believed, if we say our wish / prayer in nandi's ear, it will be reached to Lord Shiva and our wishes will be fulfilled. Thus, Nandi is considered as a medium to reach Shiva and also, he is considered as a chief guru of 8 disciples.

 In history,  Worshiping Shiva and Nandi can be traced back to 'Pasupati seal' found in Harappa and Mohenjo daro sites.

Nandi in Shiva Temple

Now, let us see about Jallikattu...

What is Jallikattu ? 

                Everyone must have heard the name 'Jallikattu' due to its controversy in the recent past. Every year, Jallikattu will be conducted during the day of Mattu pongal (Second day of Pongal). The one which is held in Alanganallur village, near Madurai is one of the most popular event.

              Why Jallikattu ?? Why to hurt animals ?? Oh no..!! poor illiterate uncivilized Tamil people !!! Huh ??? 'Jallikattu' is neither status symbol nor uncivilized manner, in fact southern part of India is the only one region where our culture and traditions are still being followed, only those who are already converted into western maaya and illiterate about India are thinking that Indian culture & traditions are myth , it's full of superstitions. Let me explain about Jallikattu now, in Jallikattu only humped bulls will participate for the game. 

        Before explaining about the science behind the game, let me remind you that this the day 2nd day of Thai / Makar month (mostly 15th January ) that is dedicated to native Cows and Bulls. 

Jallikattu / Eru Thazhuvudhal / Manju Virattu

        We worship bulls, we celebrate them and it's a thanksgiving to the Cows and Bulls of our family. In villages, we can still see Dogs, Goats, Chickens, Cows, Buffalo, Bulls as pet animal. But, more than all the pet animal Cow deserves special place in the house, we call them with a pet name and even include cows, bulls in our family picture. Even in temples, there is a place called 'Goshala' (Cow's place), where temple committee will take care of humped cows over there and prashadam for god will be prepared from that temple cow's milk.  

                  Why to play games with bull ?? We are ONLY playing games with bulls, due to which humans may get hurt, but not the bulls. Jallikattu means 'Embracing the bull', not hurting the animal.

In Spain and other foreign countries, they are killing the bulls for the happiness of the rich humans. Does anybody question that ? 

                  
                 In India, we only had humped bull breeds, out of which Kangeyam and Pullikulam breeds are most famous for jallikattu, it is the game for bravery of a man, one who holds bull's hump for 20 - 30 seconds will be the winner.  A bull will be there in the game arena  for max 40 seconds. 

        There are many variants of Jallikattu, 'Vadi  Manjuvirattu' is renowned for mattu pongal,  during this game bulls will comes out of 'Vaadi Vaasal' with a high speed (gate through which bulls enter into the competition area). There are many rules for this game, the person who participates in the competition should be physically fit, at a time only one person should hold the hump, those who touch the tail, horns, neck of the bull are disqualified from the game, like this there are many more rules and restrictions for this game. First, Kovil Kaalai (Temple bull) will come out of the gate and the players allow it a free run, will not touch the bull.

Now, why this Jallikattu game is needed ? 

        This game is not needed for humans, this game is practiced for ages, in order to preserve our country breeds. How ??  Only with the genes of stud bulls, stronger calves will be given birth, thus in order to preserve the genes of our vedic bull breeds, this practise is being followed for many generations. 

        How do we have stud bulls ?? only by feeding food and maintaining them? Can we humans, be stronger only by eating and taking rest? Stud bulls should be agile, alert and virile. In the peak of the reproductive period, the necessary male hormones needs to be secreted, pumping hearts and adrenaline rushes. 

            When the stud bulls enters into the vadi vaasal with much force and speed, their testosterone level increases,  when the humans tries to control the bull, in a agile it will give back the force, due to which their hear pumps fast and hormone level increases. When the bull wins in the competition (No one couldn't control the bull), then it will be taken directly to the cows of temple for mating. As per our science, it is believed that after this competition, bulls will have complete power and the calves will have the best genes with more power and strength. Only our vedic humped cow gives A2 milk, A2 milk produced by our Indian cows are good health, where as the A1 milk from cross breed are toxic for health. A2 milk is having more micro nutrients and minerals which enhances our immunity system.
          

  

           Followed by clothing and food, western diseases are also spread in India, due to several factors such as A1 milk, hormone injected meat and GM foods. Jersey and Holstein cows yields more A1 milk, but very less nutrition and also after few years, they stop yielding milk and not having enough stamina to give birth to calves, even if it gives birth to calves, they very weak, so it is directly sent for slaughter. Due to this artificial insemination from A1 breeds are making our native breeds extinct.

          On a year, our vedic humped cows gives 3 times more milk than the humpless cows. One should not calculate the number of litres of milk in a day, one should calculate the number of litres of milk produced in a YEAR. Today Brazil is minting money by selling humped desi  bulls semen, which they have taken from India.

         When we are doing Homam, we use ghee and Gomutra. The Gomutra of humped cows are having many benefits, it has been used in treating various diseases and also used in ayurveda . Indian humped cows doesn't need any antibiotics, it eats greens, water and does work peacefully, whereas the humpless cows eats and drinks throughout the day, falls sick and takes antibiotics, so it's milk is not good for health. 

Why only humped cow's milk is good for health ? 

    Our native cows and bulls have hump and there is a unique channel (Nadi) from the hump till the backbone tail, that causes the secretion of purity whether it is milk, urine or cow dung. This Nadi will be there only in Indian native bulls. This channel is the secret for A2 milk and it is the powerhouse of purity.

Kamadenu Cow that we worship

            
              After knowing the secret of our milk, westerners took many of our native humped cows to their land. They are now milking money from our priceless bulls, giving the best milk to their people and in return they have sent useless humpless cows to India, which gives toxic milk. They know the benefits of A2 milk, they are supplying A2 milk in their market with our desi cows and wants us to drink toxic milk to get diseases, due to which they will be rich with their pharma and health industry. 

        If this Jallikattu sport is stopped, the agile and stud genes of our native bulls will become extinct and as a result, we would not be having A2 milk, medicinal Gomutra and cow dungs of our cows. When native cows and bulls becomes extinct, we have to depend on foreign countries for their cow breeds to get useless A1 milk. This the main reason for banning Jallikattu and by tarnishing the truth of indian breed,  erasing the ancient sport from our history and stopping our age old traditions in the name of animal welfare. 

Now, many foreign countries are drinking safe and nutritious A2 milk. 

A2 milk in a Foreign supermarket.

Bulls in our History

            Our Indian Humped bulls are depicted in the harappan seal coins, plates etc. There are many terracotta hand painted harappan bull figurines excavated from the site.

Humped bull in seal

Terracotta humped bull figurine

        There are pre historic painting around 30,000 years old found in Bhimbetka rock shelters. The oldest rock art is found at Bhimbetka cave site, in Bhopal (Madhya pradesh).

           
            There are seven animal capitals during the reign of Ashoka, from the pillars of Ashoka. The archaeological site is called as 'Rampurva', which is located at West Champaran district of Bihar, India. Rampurva bull capital is composed of lotus motif at the base and zebu bull on top of it.

Rampurva Bull capital

         There are many legacies about our native breed bull, In Ancient Egypt people worships sacred bull called 'Apis' , son of Goddess 'Hathor' , it is believed that 'Apis' served as intermediary between Gods and humans (like our Nandi in temples) and the statue of the bull 'Apis' looks similar to our Indian bull Nandi. Thus, it makes clear that Hinduism was there in Egypt, our tradition, gods , culture were mentioned in their history, but with different names. Our Sanatana Dharma were followed in ancient Egypt by Egyptian kings and architects.

Apis Bull

Worshiping Solar bull Egypt

           

               Worship of Apis bull (Nandi) was then continued by the Greeks followed by Romans and it continued till 300 A.D

Our native bulls and cows are unnoticed treasures for human lives. These priceless genes of bulls and cows needs to be maintained, for healthy next generations of humans!!

More details and history about Bull in Kumari Kandam posts

--Aarthi Thiyagarajan