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Sunday 25 April 2021

How does Pranayama fights against Covid-19 ?

How does Pranayama fight against Covid-19 ?


PRANAYAMA AND HERBAL STEAM PLAYS A MAJOR ROLE IN SUPPRESSING THIS CORONAVIRUS. PRANAYAMA IS A DEEP BREATHING EXERCISE WHICH HELPS TO INCREASE THE LUNGS CAPACITY, MAINTAINS OXYGEN LEVELS IN THE BODY AND GENERATES NITRIC OXIDE IN THE BODY....


Science behind Pranayama:

NITRIC OXIDE WILL BE GENERATED IN THE BODY, WHILE PERFORMING PRANAYAMA.

Nitric oxide fights against Coronavirus..

        While doing pranayama, the divine mantra 'OM' will be chanted. Humming 'MMMMM' while exhaling the air, increases the production of nitric oxide inside the body. Check the below picture for reference...



How does nitric oxide helps in fighting with covid 19:

The nitric oxide (NO), is a compound with antiviral properties that is produced by the body itself. Nitric oxide (NO) is released in the nasal airways of humans.

Nitric oxide is an essential molecule required for overall health.  Nitric oxide signals the blood vessels to relax, allowing them to expand. This effect allows blood, nutrients, and oxygen to flow freely to every part of your body.  In this way, nitric oxide increases blood flow and lowers blood pressure. 

MANY PEOPLE OF YOUNG AGE ARE BEING AFFECTED BY THIS MUTATED CORONAVIRUS, WHICH AFFECTS THE LUNGS QUICKLY, DECREASES OXYGEN LEVELS AND LEAVING NO TIME FOR THE TREATMENT...

Doing PRANAYAMA, a deep breathing exercise will increase the lungs capacity and maintains oxygen levels in the body....



Nitric oxide (NO) is a free radical playing an important pathophysiological role in cardiovascular and immune systems. Recent studies reported that Nitric oxide (NO) levels were significantly lower in patients with COVID-19 and 70% of their lungs are damaged. 

   For this reason, I'm mentioning that doing Pranayama will increase nitric oxide levels inside the body, which in turn fights against coronavirus and maintains oxygen level in the body. Check out the functions of the Nitric oxide in the picture below...




Scientists are prescribing nitric oxide nasal spray as a cure for Coronavirus, check out the articles below for reference




THE RECENT MUTATED CORONAVIRUS DIRECTLY AFFECTS THE LUNGS WITHIN  3-4 DAYS. SO, IN ORDER TO PROTECT THE LUNGS , TO MAINTAIN GOOD OXYGEN LEVELS IN  BODY AND TO INCREASE THE LUNGS CAPACITY, THIS DEEP BREATHING EXERCISE - PRANAYAMA IS ESSENTIAL. PRANAYAMA  GENERATES NITRIC OXIDE IN THE BODY, THAT IN TURN PREVENTS OXYGEN LEVEL DECLINATION AND ACTS AS ANTI VIRAL AGAINST CORONAVIRUS....

        This practise of Pranayama was founded by ancient siddhars of tamizhakam several thousand years before. The science and the knowledge behind every Indian practise were under estimated, suppressed, painted as backdated and later all were taken from India for research and being patented in different names. 

        My previous post explains in detail about the timings and environment for performing Pranayama. Also I have explained some of the home remedies to boost immunity levels with effective anti virals to fight against covid-19. Reach out to the post below, for more details...



Stay safe, Stay healthy, Stay positive to wipe out this deadly coronavirus!!!

- Aarthi Thiyagarajan

Friday 23 April 2021

How to stop the transmission of Covid-19

How to stop the transmission of Covid-19 


        This post will help to prevent oneself from falling into critical stage, to cure themselves from new variant of coronavirus and also I have explained about steps to be taken to stop the transmission of this deadly mutated coronavirus...



        This virus will mutate rapidly, forms new variants and transmit through humans. These double or triple mutant variants will be more severe than the first one, because, these mutants doesn't give enough time for the human body to react and produce sufficient defence cells. Only curing / recovering from coronavirus is not a solution, first we have to stop the transmission of the Virus, before it becomes worse....

How to stop the spread of Covid-19 ?

In order to stop the transmission of the virus, first we need to know about the short basics of Virus...

What is a Virus ?

    A Virus is a small collection of genetic code either RNA / DNA surrounded by layers of protein. 



Instructed function of virus:

        Virus needs a host, to replicate / mutate themselves. The spikes in the virus touches the surface of human body and will try to attach to the cells of the human body. Once the virus enters into the human body, the immune system will automatically reacts for the foreign object and tries to stop it. But, when our immune system is weak, it takes the support of the infected cells in the human body and starts replicating in the body, which makes our immune more weaker. This where people started to be sick with symptoms such as cold, cough, fever etc...
 
        It multiplies inside the body, the more the power it gains, it damages the organs one by one and pushes the people to fall in to critical stage.  This is the high level function of a virus that I have explained in simple terms for easy understanding.

Now, let us see about the steps to be taken to stop its replication inside the body,  to prevent us to be a carrier for this virus and at last to stop the transmission of the virus, which is the only way to put an end card for Covid-19. Now, let us see about step by step procedures... (Home remedies are mentioned in the last section of the post)

Virus entry into the Human body:

        When the virus enters into human body, what will happen ?? It produces Interferons....

Interferons:

        Interferons (IFNs) are a group of signalling proteins made and released by host cells of the human body in response to the presence of several viruses. The virus-infected cell will release interferons signalling nearby cells to heighten their anti-viral defences.

These interferons will stimulate the infected cells and near by cells to produce proteins that prevent / to stop virus from replicating themselves...

Check the below diagram for easy understanding of interferons...


This interferons are glycoproteins with strong ANTIVIRAL activities that represent one of the first front line of host defence against viruses.

So, in order to kill a virus or to stop the virus from replicating within themselves, we need more anti virals in first place. Anti Viral is the only way to stop the virus infection and Anti viral is the treatment for virus infected person.  

The chronic eating of garlic was found to maintain Interferons at high levels for at least 7 days.


In addition to Garlic, Pepper mint, Ginger, Tulasi, Karporavalli, Licorice root (Adhi madhuram in tamil) and cinnamon. Consuming these foods will boost anti viral activities inside the body, which in turn increases the defence action against the virus. Having these foods frequently will have an active antiviral system in the body and prevents our body to be a host for virus.

Next step...

The new double mutated virus seems to be more stronger and tends to show deadly effects quickly and leaving less time for the immune system to react.

Example: Recent cases are like, a person infected with the new variant are likely to get high fever / cold and within 3-4 days their oxygen levels are dropping off faster...

This means that this virus are acting too fast to attack lungs before the sufficient production of anti virals inside the body..

How to tackle this type of adverse effect ?

        Anti virals are needed to be send through air inside the body. In order to stop the virus from affecting the lungs, immediately anti virals needs to be sent to lungs by steaming method.


        Simple steam doesn't help to cure / prevent from this deadly virus. Many people are using Eucalyptus oil, but it won't work for this scenario. This oil is like a vapour rub, it acts as decongestant for any congestion related issues. If you have any blocked nasal passage, this will work out but it doesn't stop virus from replicating inside the body. So, we need inhalation of anti virals. (Currently, many foreign research institute are working for this anti viral inhalation drug)

        Steam with either one of the following will help to send anti virals through steam inhalation such as, Neem leaves, Tulsi leaves (Holy basil), Karporavalli leaves (Mexican Mint / Cuban Oregano in English)


        Herbal Steam is the equivalent to sanitising your lungs from virus. We have to sanitise / clean our self from both internally and externally to prevent from this virus attack.

Note:  These are medicines and to be consumed in limited quantities and limited number of times. Though, these are good without any side effects, Too much of good thing is bad for health, 'அளவுக்கு மிஞ்சினால் அமிர்தமும் நஞ்சு' (Tamil proverb).

[Food for thought: Why these mutant variants like double mutant, triple mutants are happening only in India ? 

        That too, Indians had a record of low death rates and high recovery rates indicating that Indians have high immunity levels compared to other countries. In that case, foreign countries are more prone to have mutant variants than India, but to the contrary mutant variants are present only in India. How ?

         I leave the quest for the answer / reasons, to the perception of the readers... ]

Following are the some of the precautionary step to follow and immunity boosting foods to consume. 

1. Those who can afford to stay at home for few months, please stay at home.

Staying at home may prevent one from the virus infection, but needs to follow certain activities to be healthy. 

I'm already healthy, why should i follow these ?

By staying at home, one is not receiving fresh air for healthy lungs and regular consumption of good vitamins from sun light for good immunity. Also, prolonged sitting, stress (watching news channels) are not good for the body (I'm mentioning it lightly, as i don't want to scare and create panic in people. But, readers please don't take it lightly)

Steps to follow:

        A) Do Pranayama (Breathing exercise) in the early morning in open space for minimum 10 minutes. To make Pranayama more effective, this exercise needs to be done in the early morning. Why to do in early morning ? Doesn't it have same effect irrespective of the time ?


 No!! Performing pranayama is depending upon the time and environment, if we wanted to have effective results. 

 In the early hours of the morning i.e between 4.30 AM to 6 AM called as Brahma Muhurta and this is a perfect time to do Pranayama, as during this time Oxygen levels will be good and pure in the environment. 

If you have Tulsi plant / Aloe Vera plant / Karporavalli plant, sit near by and do Pranayama. Because,

         1. Tulsi - this plant releases Ozone (03 - oxygen 3) only during this early hours of a day. So performing breathing exercise during this time increases our oxygen levels, helps to cleanse the lungs.

       

        2. Aloe vera plant - this plant has anti viral properties and it emits oxygen even in night times. This plant acts as excellent air purifier.

               
        3. Karporavalli leaves - It has anti viral properties which works effectively against viral infections. It is also used to cold, cough, respiratory issues, chest congestion and digestive issues.

        D) Sit in a sunlight and take fresh air for at-least 30 minutes in a day.

2. Those who have to step out for work:

       You may wear mask and sanitise your hands frequently. But, Covid -19 is airborne disease, there are chances of getting infected or to serve yourself as a carrier for the the virus to spread. Taking the below mentioned steps will prevent from becoming critical and stops the transmission of virus.

        A) Pranayama is a must for these people, as they wear mask most of the times and inhaling the same air. These people should change the mask frequently in a day and do Pranayama twice a day.

        B) hang some neem leaves at your main door. Neem leaves are very powerful to kill the virus, bacterias and fungus infections. And wash sanitise yourself / wash with tumeric and neem water before entering the home.

        C) In addition to it, have to clean ourselves both internally and externally. So, take steam with any one of the below mentioned leaves, to send the antivirals through nasal passage.
  1. Tulasi leaves
  2. Neem leaves 
  3. Karporavalli leaves
            Inhaling steam of these leaves will send antivirals inside your body that helps to break down the virus, which in turn kills it and avoids being replicated or mutated inside your body. Replication / mutation of virus makes us sick.

        If you have to step out rarely, then take steam once in a day. If you have to step out daily for long hours then you have to take steam 3 times in day.

        D) Add turmeric powder in your side dishes, include Amla or Orange juices during your mid day drink and increase your protein intake like Rajma, Dals to strengthen your body, increase your zinc levels by adding any nut and seed variety in your diet like Peanuts, Sesame seeds, flax seeds etc... These herbs and foods will support your immunity level in addition to the automatically active antibodies in the body.



        E) Can have herbal concoction / Kadha / Kashayam in limited quantity. Because, having too much of Kadha can generate more heat in your body, which in turn causes stomach pain / troubles.


        F) Black Pepper - It is a miracle food, that needs to be included in your diet, can have maximum 10 pepper corns per day and not more than that. My grandfather used to say in tamil, '10 Milagu irundhal, pagaivan veetil kuda veerundhu unnalam'. Meaning, you can have a poisonous feast at your enemy's house, if you have 10 pepper corns with you.  Black pepper works like charm, it boosts white blood cells, which your body uses to fight off invading bacteria and viruses.



        G) To balance the spices and herbal medicines, need to take probiotic foods like curd. It improves gut health, improves immunity and reduces hypertension.


If we follow these steps, virus can not enter into your body, as our defensive anti virals suppresses it. Once, the virus becomes weaker, it can not spread further.


Note: Not to consume all the medicinal herbs, species in a day. If you are not used to these herbs and species, add it slowly in limited quantity in your diet.


        Also, do not keep trying these remedies when you are in critical condition, please rush to hospital. Because, these remedies will work if you are practising it on regular basis and thus it helps to maintain a ready to fight immune system. Using these remedies only in critical stage, will have no effect, as the virus had already took control of the body and automatic production of anti virals and anti bodies will take more time.


Above all these remedies, the most important one is DO NOT PANIC AND TAKE STRESS. Panic and stress creates different reactions in the human body, do not let your body to take control of stress and to become more powerful than your immune system.

PRANAYAMA AND HERBAL STEAM PLAYS A MAJOR ROLE IN SUPPRESSING THIS VIRUS. 

THERE IS A SCIENCE BEHIND PRANAYAMA. NITRIC OXIDE WILL BE GENERATED WHILE PERFORMING PRANAYAMA, WHICH KILLS CORONAVIRUS. SCIENTISTS ARE NOW PRESCRIBING NITRIC OXIDE NASAL SPRAY, TO FIGHT AGAINST CORONAVIRUS.....

How to eradicate this virus

        This can not be done by a single person or group of people. It needs the support and cooperation of entire society. If everyone follows the above mentioned steps, then this virus can not find a way to enter into the human body and will be left in the air or at the surface of objects. When it's struck in air or on objects that are open to the exposure of sunlight, then it will become weaker and will automatically disappear / die. 

This is the only way to stop the chain of transmission of this deadly coronavirus and to stop it's mutation, else we may end up with heavily mutated virus. When we are strong, healthy and block its way into our body, it will die without having a host cell.

         We are born in the precious land of Bharat, the place of Moksha, the place of priceless Siddha and Ayurveda medicines, the fountainhead of knowledge, medicines, arts, science and technology. 

Remember ! Bodhidharma from ancient tamizhakam was the one who cured the deadly pandemic diseases in China. We have good immune system in our body and in our gene, so let us follow all these steps, stay positive. We Indians have strength and unitedly will fight together to eradicate this virus from our land.


- Aarthi Thiyagarajan

Wednesday 21 April 2021

Significance of ancient tamil calendar !!!

The World's most accurate calendar & Oldest calendar in the World!! 

       Tamil calendar is the most accurate and the oldest calendar in the World. Several thousand years before, ancient siddhars of tamizhakam had founded a calculation system and formed a precise tamil calendar, on which even a milli second is not compromised / adjusted. This post will unveil the accuracy of tamil calendar founded by ancient siddhars and the reasons behind it's accuracy. 
        
    Westerners are saying that Gregorian calendar is the most accurate one. This post will compare the accuracy of both the calendars, miscalculation of Gregorian calendar, the reason behind the 'practising leap year', the adjustments made in the western calendar, missed days in history and currently missing days are explained in detail. 


What is Gregorian calendar?

          The calendar that we use today across the World is 'Gregorian calendar'. It is a solar calendar based on a 365-day common year divided into 12 months of irregular lengths.  The Gregorian calendar is today's internationally accepted civil calendar and is also known as the Western or Christian calendar.    

Pope Gregory XIII introduced the Gregorian calendar in 1582 and Julian Calendar was used before this

        The romans devised a complicated lunar calendar with 365 days and named it as 'Julian calendar' and it was put into effect by Julius Caesar in 46 B.CHowever, as they miscalculated the length of the year, the system was flawed. Over the years, the Julian calendar didn’t sync with the seasons, which became noticeable in the 1570s that leads to producing a calendar that was off by ten days. 

    It meant that Easter which was traditionally observed on March 21, fell further away from the spring equinox with each passing year
        
Equinox - means equal length of day and night. This event occurs when the Sun crosses the Earth's plane of equator i.e both Sun and equator aligns in a straight line. 


There are 2 equinoxes, one is called as Spring equniox which occurs in Spring season (March 21) and other one is autumn equinox which occurs in autumn season (September 23).

Coming back to the topic, Julian calendar was modified and a new calendar was introduced in Ceasar's time for 2 reasons,

    1. To fix the date of spring equinox as March 21, resulting that Easter can never occur before March 21 or after April 25. 

    2. To correct the length of the year and to be in synch with the Solar year.


Reason Behind Leap days and Leap year:

        In ceasar’s time, romans made modification to reduce the average length of the year to correct the drift against solar year. So, in addition to 12 months, they had 27 - 28 days extra and called it as intercalary month. After so much of effort, Ceasar's reform tried to resolve this problem permanently aligned with solar without any human intervention and introduced a change called 'leap days' and leap years to match the calendar with the seasons every year. This is how leap days came into existence.

Thus, leap days and leap year was introduced to compensate a day and to be in synch with the solar year calculation. While introducing this calendar many days were missed and people woke up 13 days later....

13 Missing days in the history:

        When the new calendar was made official on October 4, 1582, people woke up the next day to a new date - October 15

1582 isn’t the only time in history that days vanished from a calendar. When England switched to the Gregorian Calendar on September 2, 1752, they woke up on September 14. And, because we were still a colony, this meant the occasion happened in their colonised States as well.

There are also more recent examples. In Alaska, October 6, 1867, was followed by October 18, 1867. The reason was that up until this point, Alaska was a part of Russia — a country that didn’t use the Gregorian Calendar.

Russia switched in 1918 and Greece in 1923. Because these countries waited so long, they had to skip over 13 days.


        MOST IMPORTANT POINT TO BE NOTED HERE IS, ASTRONOMERS ARE NOT USING THIS GREGORIAN CALENDAR, THEY ARE SAYING THAT THIS IS USELESS !!

        The calendar which made adjustments for extra days and introduced leap year for their mistake, which skipped several days in the history, is now called as 'THE MOST ACCURATE CALENDAR IN THE WORLD !!!'  

WOW !!!  Is this called as Accuracy ?? Are we still thinking that we are slaves ?  Do we still think that we are far behind than the westerners ? Why do we have to blindly accept a faulty one as accurate, when we have the precious, error - free and the MOST ACCURATE TAMIL CALENDAR  (SIDEREAL SOLAR CALENDAR) in place ???


        Tamizh calendar is the oldest and the accurate calendar in the World !! There is no such concept of intercalary month, leap days and leap year !! 

It was devised by ancient siddhars several thousand years before. It is a precise one, it has every minutiae details about the calculation of Time, revolution cycle of all planets and position of zodiacs as well. Astronomers, Astrologists are using this calendar for years...

     Ever wondered, how tamil calendar is accurate ??? By the end of this post, one will understand why did I say that it is the most ancient and the most accurate one !!!


Before knowing about the accuracy of tamil calendar, let me disclose more missing days of Gregorian calendar. Earlier, you all have read about the missing days in history, now I'm going to unveil about the continuously missing days in this system, i.e as per the calculation of this calendar, several days are getting missed out even now and it will occur in future as well. 

How the days are getting missed out now (present) and in future ? 

Continuously Missing days in Gregorian calendar:

        Leap day is a technique used to compensate the missing days. Gregorian calendar was introduced with a minor modification of the Julian calendar, reducing the average year from 365.2563 days to 365.2425 days and adjusting for the drift in the 'tropical' or 'solar' year that the inaccuracy had caused during the intervening centuries.

This extra .2425 days per year is compensated as one leap day in every 4 years and hence called as leap year. 


    What will happen, when someone copies from a different system without any complete understanding about it? Mistakes, Adjustments, Corrections etc... A small correction, doesn't look like a mistake in short durations, but in long run, it will create discrepancies and will take a bigger picture. Here, in this post, I'm going to explain about that correction that failed terribly, went unnoticed for years and still blindly followed by billions of people.... Truth never dies...

The actual and accurate time taken by Earth to complete one round around the Sun is 365.25636 days, but it is considered as little less in Gregorian calendar.

How 365.25636 days is the correct one ? Why Gregorian days are not accurate ? Continue to read, to know the answer....

How Tamil calendar is the correct and precise one?

        In Tamil calendar, a year is calculated based on the position of the earth with respect to the zodiacs near the sun. This system is totally based on revolving of the earth around the sun with respect to the zodiacs and is independent of revolving of the moon around the earth. Westerners call this as 'Sidereal solar system'.

See the difference between Gregorian's solar and Tamil's sidereal solar system for a day... Check the accuracy of Sidereal solar day in the picture below....


Check which one is calculating the accurate 360 degree rotation of the Earth correctly and which one is differing.....

Tamil calendar - Sidereal system - is calculating the precise 360 degree rotation, while the Solar one is calculating more than 360 degree i.e 360.9 degree rotation as ONE DAY !!
       
This is the accuracy of tamil calendar which was founded by the ancient brilliant siddhars, who had powers !!

There are more details in this post about the accuracy of tamil calendar....

Now, coming back to the topic of currently missing days in Gregorian calendar, check the differences between both the calendar...

Tamil Calendar       -> Sidereal year -> One year = 365. 2563 days

Gregorian calendar -> Solar year      -> One year = 365.2425 days

Does this small decimal gap makes lot of difference ??

Yes !! Due to this, there are several days being missed out in this calendar currently and in future as well. Also, a year is getting completed earlier than the actual year completion !!!

Currently Missing days and incomplete year in Gregorian calendar:

Let us take the decimals of of the year calculation and compare...

Gregorian -> (365)0.2425 = 5 hours and 48 minutes = 348 minutes

Tamil        -> (365)0.2563 = 6 hours and 9 minutes = 369 minutes

The total difference between these two calendar is 21 minutes per year. 

Thus, according to Gregorian calendar, every time the new year occurs 21 minutes earlier than the actual year completion. This missing minutes doesn't affect much for few centuries, but as several centuries passes by, it does makes a lot of difference.... How ??

For 1 year, the difference is 21 minutes. So, for 100 year, the difference is 2100 minutes = 35 hours = 1 day and 11 hours. 

That is,  1 day and 11 hours are missed per century in Gregorian calendar. Let us consider from this year as example, from 1-Jan-2021 to 1-Jan-2121, one and a half days will be missed out (the actual century completion will be on mid of 2 - Jan-2121). This type of missing days will be repeated for every century....

From the year 1582 - 1982 AD, there are 400 years and as per this calculation, 5.8 days are missing... i.e 400 years will be completed only on 6th Jan 1982...

So, for 1000 years, 14.58 days will be missed out. 

For example: This Gregorian calendar was implemented on the year 1582. Considering from 1st January 1582 to 1st January 2582, there will be 14.48 days difference, i.e 1000 years will be completed only by mid of 14th January 2582. Hence, per millennium 14.58 days are being missed out.

        The tamil calendar - zodiac and sun based calculation is the most accurate one and it was also followed by many ancient civilisations such as Mayans, Egyptians etc...

Zodiacs used by Egyptians
       
         In terms of astronomy, the Sidereal Calendar is a solar calendar that follows the annual motion of the sun relative to the stellar zodiac, rather than to the equinoxes and solstices.

Ancient Measuring system of Tamizhs:

        In ancient tamizhakam, there was a practise of using oldest measuring units in tamil. There are several similarities between measurement system between tamizhakam and Indus valley civilisation. Recent excavations from Keezhadi site revealed existence of oldest measuring system, which is older than the Vedic civilisation.

        Many text books are saying that this zodiac and sun based calculation, called as sidereal solar system was founded by Aryabhata. Enough of suppressing the glory of tamizh people !!! This post will expose the truth!!!

The sidereal solar system was founded by ancient tamil siddhars, who existed before the arrival of Vedic civilisation!!!

        Keezhadi and Indus valley civilisation were ancient tamizh civilisation and they were older than the Vedic civilisation. The tamil measuring system used by them in those regions are the proof that it was founded by ancient tamizh people and not Aryabhata, who belonged to later period...

As per ancient measuring system followed by tamizhians, the lowest measuring time is 66.66 milli seconds, which is the time taken by the human eyes to flap once. There are different terms for the units such as 66.66 milli seconds, 0.125 seconds, 0.25 seconds, 0.40 seconds, 0.50 seconds, 0. 80 seconds and 1 second. 

          So, there are 7 different measuring units from milli seconds to 1 second range. Ancient tamil people did such a precise calculation for  measuring units of time !!!

        Even milli seconds were given importance, was precisely calculated and had formed a calculation system. Here are the measuring systems used by ancient tamizhians...

From 66.66 millisecond - 1 second measurement:
  • 10 kuzhigaḷ (குழிகள்) = 1 miy (மிய்) = 66.6666 millisecond-the time taken by the young human eyes to flap once.
  • kaṇṇimaigaḷ (கண்ணிமைகள்) = 1 kainoḍi (கைநொடி) = 0.125 second
  • kainoḍi (கைநொடி) = 1 māttirai (மாத்திரை) = 0.25 second
  • miygaḷ (மிய்கள்) = 1 நொடி(noḍi) / ciṟṟuḻi (சிற்றுழி) = 0.40 second-the time taken for a bubble (created by blowing air through a bamboo tube into a vessel 1 சாண் (cāṇ) high, full of water) to travel a distance of one சாண் (cāṇ).
  • māttiraigaḷ (மாத்திரைகள்) = 1 kuṟu (குறு) = 0.50 second
  • noḍigaḷ (நொடிகள்) = 1 viṉāḍi (வினாடி) = 0.80 second-the time for the adult human heart to beat once
  • 2​12 noḍigaḷ (நொடிகள்) = 2 kuṟu (குறு) = 1 uyir (உயிர்) = 1 second

From 2 second to 4 minutes:

  • noḍigaḷ (நொடிகள்) = 2 uyir (உயிர்) = 1 cāṇigam (சாணிகம்) = 1/2 aṇu (அணு) = 2 seconds
  • 10 noḍigaḷ (நொடிகள்) = 1 aṇu (அணு) = 4 seconds
  • 6  aṇukkaḷ (அணுக்கள்) = 12 cāṇigam (சாணிகம்) = 1 tuḷi (துளி) = 1 naligai - vinadi  (நாழிகை வினாடி) = 24 seconds
  • 10 tuḷigaḷ (துளிகள்) = 1 kaṇam (கணம்) = 4 minutes

Minutes, hours, day, week, fortnight, month, season, year, cycle and an epoch calculation

  • kaṇangaḷ (காணன்கள்) = 1 nāḻigai (நாழிகை) = 24 minutes
  • 10 nāḻigaikaḷ (நாழிகைகள்) = 4 cāmam (சாமம்) = 1 ciṟupoḻutu (சிறுபொழுது) = 240 minutes = 4 hours
  • ciṟu-poḻutugaḷ (சிறுபொழுதுகள்) = 1 nāḷ (நாள்) = 1 day = 24 hours

  • nāṭkaḷ (நாட்கள்) = 1 vāram (வாரம்) = 1 week
  • 15 nāṭkaḷ (நாட்கள்) = 1 aḻuvaluvamam (அழுவம்) = 1 fortnight
  • 29​12 nāṭkaḷ (நாட்கள்) = 1 tingaḷ (திங்கள்) = 1 lunar month
  • tingaḷ (திங்கள்) = 1 perum-poḻutu (பெரும்பொழுது) = 1 season

  • 6 perum-poḻutu  (பெரும்பொழுது) = 1 āṇdu (ஆண்டு) = 1 year
  • 64 āṇdukaḷ (ஆண்டுகள்) = 1 vaṭṭam (வட்டம்) = 1 cycle
  • 4096 āṇdukaḷ (ஆண்டுகள்) = 1 ōḻi (ஊழி ) = 1 epoch

Even today, while calculating auspicious date and time for marriages, we used to calculated naligai.

Decimals are also given important for perfection, want to know how much priority is given to accuracy of maths ??

There are so many units for fractions in tamils, here I have mentioned only some of them... 

Fractions
  • 1 – Onru - ஒன்று
  • 3/4 = 0.75 – mukkāl - முக்கால் 
  • 1/2= 0.5 – arai - அரை 
  • 1/4 = 0.25 – kāl - கால் 
  • 1/5 = 0.2 – nālumā - நாலுமா 
  • 3/16 = 0.1875 – மும்மாகாணி –mummākāṇi this is called as Mukkhani
  • 3/20 = 0.15 – mummaa -மும்மா 
  • 3/320 = 0.009375 – araikkāṇi muntiri- அரைக்காணி முந்திரி  
  • 3/5120 ≈ 5.85938e-04 – kīḻ mūndru vīsam - கீழ் மூன்று வீசம்  
  • 3/6400 = 4.6875e-04 – kīḻ mummā- கீழ் மும்மா  
  • 1/74481555456000 ≈ 1.34261e-14 – sintai - சிந்தை 
  • 1/1489631109120000 ≈ 6.71307e-16 – katirmunai - கதிர்முனை 
  • 1/59585244364800000 ≈ 1.67827e-17 – kuralvaḷaippiḍi - குரல்வளைப்படி
  • 1/3575114661888000000 ≈ 2.79711e-19 - veḷḷam - வெள்ளம் 
  • 1/357511466188800000000 ≈ 2.79711e-21 – nuṇmaṇal - நுண்மணல் 

  • 1/2323824530227200000000 ≈ 4.30325e-22 – tērttugaḷ –தேர்த்துகள் 


In english, do we have any such defined unit / terms in modern fraction???

  Gregorian calendar contains fixed number of days in every month except February and it has both leap days and leap year. Where as Tamizh calendar, there are no leap days and leap year,  the number of days in a given month can vary between years. Sometimes, Tamil months may even have 32 days.

Check the tamil calendar for the last 6 years in the picture below, to understand it better.... 'Sithirai' / 'Chithirai' is the first month in tamil calendar.


        In sidereal solar calendar, time taken by the Sun to pass through each zodiac ranges from 29.4 days to 31.6 days. Month-wise average number of days starting from Chithirai are 30.9, 31.4, 31.6, 31.5, 31.0, 30.5, 29.9, 29.5, 29.4, 29.5, 29.8, 30.3 days.

        The actual number of days in any month could vary as per the exact time when sun enters and leaves the particular zodiac. So, there is no chance of leap days in tamil calendar....

Vidyashankara temple, Sringeri

        To signify the calculation of year and transition of Sun between zodiacs, there is a temple built by ancient tamil people in Sringeri, Karnataka called 'Vidyashankara temple'.

         This ancient temple was built in dravidian style architecture, the pillars were precisely built with angle and geometrical patterns. This temple has six doorways.  The eastern half of the structure is called as mantapa, which is surrounded by twelve pillars (popularly known as rasi stambhas), marked by the twelve signs of the zodiac. They are constructed in such an ingenious way that the rays of the sun fall on each pillar in the chronological order of the twelve months of the tamil calendar. Each column is topped by a Yali with a rolling stone ball in its mouth.


    Every morning when the sun rays enter, they hit at one specific pillar indicating particular solar month of a year.

        The rays of the sun fall on each of pillar in the order of the twelve solar months. On the floor, there is a large circle, marked with converging lines to indicate the direction of the shadows. This is one of the example of tamil people with their expertise in angles and geometry....
    Inside the temple, on the floor, a circle is drawn with lines corresponding to the shadows cast by each pillar. There are five shrines here. The main shrine has a Shiva Linga and the Garbhagraha is topped by a majestic square vimana.


       Ancient tamil people's expertise in angles, geometry and their vast knowledge about astronomy is being reflected in this temple design. This temple is a proof for accuracy of sidereal solar system, it's an example for astronomical and mathematical knowledge. It's an architectural wonder with a perfection in design and astronomical values.... 

     Tamil calendar is one of the oldest calendar in the world. It has the most accurate and has unique name for every calendar year for 60 year cycle. Why only 60 years in a cycle ?? 

60 year cycle of tamizh calendar

        The sexagenary cycle also known as the Stems-and-Branches or ganzhi, is a cycle of sixty terms, each corresponding to one year, thus a total of sixty years for one cycle. This system was widely used in ancient tamizhakam and China. Below are the sixty names for 60 year cycle...

60 year cycle in tamizh

        The whole tamizh astrology was built based on the tamizh calendar. Ancient tamizh sages were experts in astrology and calculated the year cycle precisely several thousand years before. They had brilliantly classified the visible sky into 12 rashis (constellations).  For example, in  Nava grahas, Saturn and Jupiter had the longest cycle around the sun.

Jupiter takes 12 years to complete 1 rotation around the sun 

    Thats why in Astrology we have Jupiter transition (குருப்பெயர்ச்சி) from one zodiac to another zodiac every year, i.e the jupiter resides in each zodiac for 1 year and thus when it reaches the last zodiac, 12 years will be completed which denotes 1 complete rotation of Jupiter around the sun.

 Saturn takes 30 years to complete 1 rotation around the sun 

        Saturn Transition (சனிப்பெயர்ச்சி) occurs every 2.5 years (12*2.5 = 30 years). That is, saturn resides at each zodiac for 2.5 years and to complete 1 full rotation around sun, it takes 30 years. 

      All the 9 planets align themselves in the same position for every 60 years. It is also related to 5 revolutions of Jupiter around the Sun and 60-year orbit of Nakshatras (stars). Ancient tamizh people had already calculated this and that is the reason for having 60 year cycle in tamizh calendar.

        This 60 year cycle system is being practised from the ancient times.  The similar system of calendar and 60 year cycle is also used in other countries such as China, Japan, Korea, Taiwan and Vietnam. This 60 year cycle has contemporary role in Chinese astrology and fortune telling...

        This is the significance of tamizh calendar, it is the accurate and oldest calendar in the World. It has abundant knowledge about the astronomy which was founded by our ancient genius siddhars. Siddhars were the fountainhead of knowledge, astronomy, medicine, arts, science and technology... 

        Those who are following sidereal solar system should be proud about their ancestor's expertise and knowledge. It is not only a tradition, it has more of scientific facts and precise astronomical calculations in it. Its our duty to continue and to transfer this precious knowledge to the next generation of kids with pride.....


- Aarthi Thiyagarajan