Hidden Tamizh places in Pakistan and Afghanistan - Part 2 !!

In continuation from the previous part of this post,

https://divinediyaas.blogspot.com/2021/05/ancient-tamizh-places-in-pakistan-and-afghanistan-part1.html

             The royal palaces, forts, temples, houses and architectures are historical evidences of a king, who had ruled that region. These ancient places and buildings of Tamil kings were destroyed in Pakistan and Afghanistan, to burry the truth. But, the truth can be hidden / suppressed only for a period of time, it will come out eventually with a big bang.  

         In addition to these destroyed architectures, there are many facts to validate and to prove the authenticity of Tamil kings and people who had lived over there. 

 For example: Names - i.e Place names in these regions. 

        Pakistan and Afghanistan people speak Punjabi, Hindi and Urdu. They don't speak Tamil, then how come there are so many places in these regions that were named in Tamil ? That too, they were named with appropriate tamil meaning of that place....

        Though the temples and buildings were demolished, the Place names haven't changed much over the period of time. This is one of the strong point to prove that these regions were once ruled by tamil kings. 

        I have mentioned about some of the Tamil places in Pakistan in my previous post. In this post, will explain about other Tamil places in Pakistan and Afghanistan... 

1. Mount Sikaram:

        There is a mountain in Pakistan called 'Mount Sikaram'. Check the below picture for reference. 

        In tamil, Sikaram - means peak. Why this has to be named in tamil, with the appropriate tamil meaning as mountain peak?

In the below picture, thee river tributary regions are called as 'Kotkai' and 'Madikai'. The suffix itself is clear that it is derived from 'Tamil'. Kotkai and Madikai  are ancient tamil names... 

       

2. Kotkai - is transformed name of 'Korkai', the ancient port city of Pandya kings of Tamizhakam.

3. Madikai - The root word of this is, 'Madai' - means small sluice of a canal or stream. Side Sluice of a channel. There is a place in Kerala with the same name Madikai.

     

 

What is Ghalanai ? I have raised this question in my previous post. Here I have answer for that.. Check the below picture...

 Ghalani and Utmanzai are tamil places. Let us see about it's original name.

4. Ghalanai 

Ghalanai is derived from the word Kallanai.  Instead of 'Ka', they changed used 'Gha' and changed the name.

        Kallanai is a 2000 years old stone dam which was built by the great tamil king Karikalan Cholan. Similarly, this place in Pakistan was named as Ghalanai, to store water for agriculture. In later period of time, the dams were destroyed in Pakistan, but the name wasn't changed...

Kallanai Dam

        This 2000 years old dam is still in use in Trichy, Tamil Nadu. For more information about Kallanai dam, reach out to the below post,

https://divinediyaas.blogspot.com/2019/10/grand-anicut-kallanai-oldest-barrage-in.html

5. Utmanzai - is named after the place Uthumalai. It is a place in Tenkasi district of Tamil nadu and it's notably a birth place of many kings. 

6. Korkay - a place in Afghanistan. It is named after the Pandya's famous and busy port 'Korkai' in Tamizhakam.

        Korkai is famous for pearl fishing and it also mentioned in ancient tamil sangam literatures. Korkai served as one of the major port in the eastern side of Thamizhakam.

If Pandya's didn't rule these places, then why was it named as 'Korkay' in Afghanistan? 

        The glory and history of ancient tamil kings were continuously suppressed and the artefacts, forts, palaces of early tamil kings were completely destroyed. In some regions, these buildings are converted into Mughal palaces using their art form as a cover.

7. Kamber Darbar in Pakistan: 

        Who is Kamber ? Kambar is a great tamil poet. There is a saying in tamil that 'Kambar vetu kattu thariyum kavi padum', meaning even a charcoal in Kambar's house will sing a poem.

Why this place has to be named in tamil as 'Kamber'. Only in Tamil language, the suffix 'er' /'ar' is used. This suffix is used while addressing a person with respect.

Example: Sage Agastya is called as 'AgathiyAR' in tamil. The 'ar' suffix is used mention all the elderly or great people.

So, the name Kamber is a proper tamil name and it was named after the Tamil poet Kambar, to honour his service.

8. Chelozai :

        Chelozai is a place in Afghanistan, check the below picture for reference. It is a modified from the word Chozha. Chola / Chozha kings of tamilakam had ruled Afghanistan after the rule of Pandya kings. 

If it's hard to believe, then check the next place, 'Barki Rajan'

9. Barki Rajan :

        Look at the suffix Rajan. In Urdu and Hindi, the term 'Rajan' is not used. They used to say 'Raj' / 'Raja', not 'RAJAN'. Rajan is a proper tamil name. In fact, the famous Chola king, Raja Raja Chozhan was also called as 'Raja Rajan'. 

The first name 'Barki' is a modified name of a tamil king with the unchanged suffix 'Rajan', together called as 'Barki Rajan'. This place Barki Rajan was originally under the control of Chola kings and it was named after them. 

            Thus, the above mentioned place, 'Chelozai' and Barki Rajan are the tamil places, which were ruled by great Chola kings...

Pandeh:

        Pandeh in the above picture, represents Pandya king. Not, only this places, there are many places in Afghanistan which were named after Pandya kings of Tamizhakam, such as 'Panti', 'Pandi', 'Pandi nadu' etc...

Pandy -  a place near Indus River.  If Pandya kings hadn't ruled these regions, then why it has to be named after them?

Scholars have identified many tamil places in Pakistan and Afghanistan. Check out the below picture for reference...

There are ruins of Lord shiva temples in Afghanistan and archaeologists are unearthing many hindu god idols in Pakistan. 

        The history of ancient Tamils were destroyed by the foreign invaders and the ancient libraries were burned. Sumerians, Arabic, Mayan, Meso, Persian, Turkish people etc are strongly believed to be originated from Tamil society.

        But, currently, all the history books are projecting that the records of tamil people were confined only to Tamil Nadu. This blog will change this view and I will unveil the truth of tamizhakam, the glory of great tamil kings and their expanded territories....

Not only about tamizhakam, I will also uncover the architectural wonders, temples, Astronomy, their scientific methods, hidden secrets, medicines, treatments, Vimanas, ancient technologies and lifestyle of people in Akand Bharath....

- Aarthi Thiyagarajan

Grand Anicut - Kallanai - Oldest Barrage in the World

Grand Anicut - Kallanai - Oldest Barrage in the World

             Kallani, also known as Grand Anicut is one of the oldest water diversion or water regulatory structure in the World, which is still in use in excellent condition. In Tamil, 'Kal' means Stone, 'Anai' means Dam. This Anicut is more than 2000 years old, built by the Great King 'Karikala Cholan' of Chola Dynasty, during 100 B.C.

             It is a massive barrage of unhewn stones about 1080 feet long, 18 feet high and 60 feet wide built across the holy river Cauvery in Tiruchirapalli district of Tamil Nadu. The main reason for building this engineering marvel was to divert water to the fertile agricultural lands via canals and to avoid loss of crops during floods. It has irrigated around 69,000 acres of agricultural lands, when it was built.

Distant View of Kallanai

History behind Kallanai

              When the great king Karikala Cholan ruled Southern India, people from Cauvery delta region has suffered from two extremities of nature. During Rainy season, this region has experienced floods, which extremely devastated agricultural lands and during summer season it experienced droughts. To strike a balance of water, the King has come up with the idea of Grand Anicut, which will provide steady flow of water throughout the year for irrigation. 

         During flood times, the excess water will be passed to Kollidam river through ullar river. Kollidam - in Tamil 'Kol' means to contain and 'Idam' means place, the place that can contain more water, as the name says it can actually contain about 4 lakh cusecs of water.

     

           The Cauvery river splits into two channels, the Northern channel is called 'Kollidam' and Southern channel retained the name 'Cauvery', which will further flows to Bay of Bengal at Poompuhar junction. The king built this Grand Anicut at Southern channel. During floods it will be diverted from Cauvery branch of river to Kollidam branch and kollidam flowed directly to Bay of Bengal causing minimal damage to the agriculture. Kollidam was barely used for irrigation, it is more wider, steeper and faster. 

          The above picture is the top view of Grand Anicut / Kallanai. In this picture, you could see the Cauvery river flowing widely at the center and the water being diverted through this Anicut. Excess water is getting diverted into 4 smaller streams and canals were built from the streams for irrigation. 

Leftmost part (Red Mark) - From this canal of the Anicut, Cauvery water flowing towards Uyyakondan suburb. This canal travels up to 70 Km  and irrigates about 32,000 acres of land. 

Second canal from left red mark - This canal from anicut flowing towards pattukottai district which covers about 46 kilometer

Third from the left (Center) - This canal is called as Vellar river flowing towards Tanjore /Thanjavur city, which contributes to the major rice production in South India. 

Fourth from left (Center big) - Diverted Cauvery flowing towards Kumbakonam, Mayiladuthurai districts

Fifth from left (Right most) - Kollidam, excess water getting merged with kollidam river, which in turn reaches to Bay of Bengal .

       Also, right most part of this Anicut is for flood / excess water, the excess water is getting diverted to Kollidam River. 

Design

          Building a strong engineering structure in middle of ferociously flowing Cauvery River was extremely arduous and requires skillful technicians.  Our brilliant architects used natural approach to raise this barrage, that is Sand Erosion. They didn't control the nature with force. They sophisticatedly reshaped river water currents and the sedimentation process. 

River Cauvery

       It is a normal phenomenon experienced in beaches, when we stand in the beach, the sand below our feet will be eroded, the longer you stay, more the sand will be eroded, which moves you further into the water. Using this method, large blocks of granite stones were dropped into the river, when the stones moved under, insoluble binding material was used to place another stone over that. By the erosion process, the stones were positioned correctly and naturally formed a strong sand bed. This sand bed gave great strength and durability to the dam.  

       Massive boulders, rocks and unhewn stones were carried from mountains and directly sunken in the path of Cauvery river. The strong foundation of this barrage helped in raising this structure with four different canals to divert water to various regions.

          Due to this Anicut, Thanjavur has turned into a Rice bowl of South India. 80 % population in Thanjavur is engaged in agriculture and this city is the important agriculture center of Cauvery Delta Region. 

     In 20th century, this Anicut has been raised to release water for irrigation to about 1 million agricultural lands lands . 

        This area was irrigated by ancient irrigation system, of which Kallanai was the centerpiece.  It is believed that floods to an extent of 1,86,00 cusecs of water have been discharged through this Anicut with no damage. 

                     Actually Kallanai is not a dam, it is one of the oldest water diversion and water regulatory structure in the world. The main purpose of building this engineering marvel across Cauvery River is, divert water to the agricultural lands for irrigation and to control floods during natural disaster. 

          Later, during British period, they raised the height of the barrage to 27 inches, to increase the capacity of the dam for the irrigation purpose. At the base of this structure, under-sluices were built across the river with outlets that leads to Kollidam river. This in turn prevented formation of silts, while diverting large amount of water. 

            When the western science was not evolved, this marvelous piece of hydraulic structure was built across a might Cauvery river with strong sand bed. This Indian engineering structure is one of the masterpiece in World's history !!!

-Aarthi Thiyagarajan